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Flamethrower/Water gun (spring - 2011)

At the end of secondary school a baccalaureate party would be organized where graduating students would be allowed to wreak havoc with water guns, flour, eggs on younger students along with other festivities. I couldn't find a satisfactory water gun at supermarkets so I ended up making my own. There were several things that I wanted in my water gun:

- high capacity with continuous stream (as opposed to a cannon- like design)

- long range

- adjustable debit

- robust

There are many online tutorials making water guns out of PVC piping from the US. Unfortunately I was unable to get my hands on PVC pipes and PVC glue in the EU due to regulations on the PVC additives (environment and toxicity). The only pipes available at local hardware stores here were PP and PE pipes. PP and PE are unreactive and as a result proper chemical bonding agents aren't readily available to consumers. I had to therefore go for a mechanical sealing method. After many tests exploding seals, I eventually found a solution that could withstand up to 2 bars of pressure. 2 bars might not sound like much but achieving this with non pressure rated pipes was very difficult.

I managed to keep the  pipes together by silicone gunning the seals and binding all the pipes together with a steel ribbon under tension. Due to the "O" shape of the tank the steel ribbon would counter the expansion of the resevoir and thus preventing leaks or explosions.

 

 

I used some duct tape covered aluminium soda can pieces to protect the paint job and prevent the steel ribbons from slipping off the pipes under the pressure. I spray painted using stencils I made. As I didn't use proper masking tape, the paint got into places it wasn't supposed to (thus a not-so-professional finish).

I carried the resevoir on my back using nylon adjustable straps attached to the steel ribbons (not on photos).

 

 

The hose was connected to the resevoir by some parts I found at the hardware store. This had to be removeable in order to refill the tank with water or ethanol.

 

 

The pressure valve is a standard aluminium Schrader valve that was kindly given to me by a car garage. I put a lot of care drilling the holes on the resevoir in order to avoid leaks later on.

 

 

The gun was made again of piping bits mounted with a pressure gauge to monitor the pressure. I attached a spring to the valve lever as to have a more gun-like feel.

 

 

The nozzles were basically customized pipe bits. I filled the end bits with metal filler resin and drilled a hole through them each of 3mm and 6mm. The 3mm nozzle would be used for long range shots and the 6mm nozzle for short range high debit shots.

 

 

I tested the gun with water at various pressures with the 3mm diameter nozzle. The gun was lifted around 0.5 m above the ground and tilted to an angle at which the stream would go furthest. The range of the water gun didn't increase much anymore after 2 bars of pressure. The results can be seen just below. Please note, these ranges are not for the "furthest reaching droplet of water" but rather the range of the main stream.

For example, at 4 bars, the range of the main stream was around 9.8m (as seen on graph) with the furthest reaching droplet at 11.5m distance.

It should be noted that I am using the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure outside and the pressure within the resevoir.
 

© Stephane Meyers 2015

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